Long before the days of omega-3s and the rise of fish oil, researchers in the early 20th century were patting themselves on the back simply for making the connection between cod liver oil and vitamins A and D. In At a time when scientific research was not nearly as advanced as it is today, this was a magnificent find. Not only did it reveal a key source of nutrients that support growth and vision, it also offered great promise for the treatment and prevention of rickets, a far more worrisome epidemic that affected malnourished children.
The 1970s changed everything. Researchers studying Inuit Eskimos made the connection between fish, essential fatty acids, and cardiovascular health. Today, cod liver oil has cemented its place among the world’s most trusted supplements. Its unique combination of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, and vitamin D continue to fascinate researchers, as reflected in a seemingly endless list of potential health benefits. Let’s examine some of the most impressive finds.
cardiovascular integrity
Like all deep-sea and cold-water fish, cod is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids. In addition to the natural vitamins (A and D), cod liver oil is rich in EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Extensive research has shown the positive role these two beneficial fatty acids play in supporting healthy cardiovascular activity. There is also new evidence to suggest that vitamin D3 may offer even greater cardiovascular support.
In 2000, the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of a qualified health claim for omega-3 fatty acids. The claim states that although the research is not conclusive, evidence suggests that consuming 3 grams of essential fatty acids (EPA and DHA) daily may reduce the risk of heart disease.
mental health
Several clinical studies have been conducted to determine what benefit EFA may offer against some of today’s most common neurological conditions. In one, participants suffering from frequent depression were evaluated over a two-year period. At the end of the study, cod liver oil users reported a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms than non-users. It was also noted that those who took cod liver oil longer reported a greater reduction in depressive symptoms.
Bipolar illness is a behavioral disorder that affects approximately 5.7 million American adults. A landmark 1999 Harvard study determined that daily supplementation of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA might be helpful in extending periods of remission. Cod liver oil is an excellent source of EPA and DHA.
Development of the newborn
In light of its famous role in preventing rickets in children, many experts believe that cod liver oil may also have an effect on the health of newborns. One study found that pregnant mothers who supplemented with heavy cod liver oil during pregnancy were 11 times more likely to give birth. Another study found that babies who consumed cod liver oil during their first year of life were less likely to develop type 1 diabetes. Researchers believe this is possible based on cod liver oil’s anti-inflammatory effect on the body.
It’s worth noting that either of the two previous studies mentioned specific amounts. Rather, the presence of vitamin D, essential fatty acids, or both could have a substantial impact on early health and development.
pain management
Daily use of NSAIDs is routine for dozens of American adults, including many with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While they may provide temporary relief from pain-related symptoms, frequent use of NSAIDs has been linked to a number of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular problems. A recent study examined the role of cod liver oil among people with RA. At the end of the 9-month study, 39% of the cod liver oil group were able to reduce how much and/or how often they used NSAIDs. Researchers attribute this success to the remarkable anti-inflammatory properties of the oils.